The operating principle of CFP Optical Transceiver

 The CFP module can be a hot pluggable form factor designed for optical networking applications. CFP is certainly acronym from 100G (C = 100 in Roman numerals; Centum) Form factor Pluggable. As name suggests, CFP is introduced to serve as optical transceiver for 100G interfaces. There are many CFP types introduced - CFP, CFP2 and CFP4, but let’s start with general CFP architecture. General CFP architecture of CFP divides in two parts - Electrical interface getting together with equipment line card interface and optical line interface.

From tools line card electrical interface aspect CFP has several “M-Lines” with will work 10Gbps speed and separate management interface used for clock & signaling data. If CFP is normally working 100GBase-LR4 mode, then it has 10 x 10Gbps M-Lines, if 40GBase-LR4 mode, then 4 x 10Gbps M-Lines. So called “Gear Box” is electrical 10:4 Mux/DeMux module aggregating up to 10 M-Line interfaces in maximum 4 N-Line interfaces. In the event of 100GBase-LR4 each N-Line speed is 25Gbps and in case there is 40GBase-LR4 N-Line speed is 10Gbps. Each N- Line is changed into optical signal with different wavelength and all wavelengths are transmitted to CFP line interface using built-in passive optical multiplexers.

CFP form factor is certainly oldest from CFP family and it has current MSA (Multi Source Agreement) Rev 1.4. It could support both - 100GBase-X and 40GBase-X, and it’s general principle is usually following:

CFP electrical interface for 100G transmission is named CAUI - C (it again represents Roman Centum for 100G) Attachment Unit Interface. CAUI interface was standardized by IEEE802.3ba - Annex 83A, defining that CAUI interface is a parallel electrical interface with each lane running at a nominal rate of 10.3125 Gbps.

The 802.3bm standard was approved. The 802.3bm standard specifies four-lane chip-to-module and chip-to-chip electrical specification (CAUI-4). In new version of CAUI-4 interface are 4 M-Lines, each running speeds 25.78 Gbps for 100G Ethernet and 27.95 Gbps for SONET/SDH OTU4.Learn:www.oemfibers.com

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